:) :)
By alphabetical order :)
Adam Albrecht Aivazovsky Ivan Konstantinovich Aken Joseph van Aladar Padly Backer, Attributed to Jacob de Backhuysen Ludolph Balen I Hendrick van Barker of Bath Thomas Bassano Workshop of Jacopo Bassano II Francesco Baumgartner-Stoiloff Adolf (Constantin) Beer I. de Begeyn Abraham Jansz. Benois Albert Nikolayevich Benois Nikolai Leontjewitsch Berchem Nicholaes Berckheyde Gerrit Adriaensz. Blaas Julius von Bloemaert Abraham Blommaert Abraham Bogaert Hendrick Bogoliubov Alexei Petrovich Boilly Louis Léopold Boissieu Jean-Jacques de Boitmanis Ulrihs Bordone Paris Borisov Alexander Alekseevich Bossche Balthasar van den Bossoli Carlo Boudewijns Adraen Frans Bough Samuel Bray Jan de Brewer Henry Charles Bristow Edmund Broeck Elias van den Brueghel II Jan Bryullov Karl Pavlovich Burhardt Feodor Karlovich Carlone Giovanni Andrea Casanova Francesco Giuseppe Casteels Pauwels Castro Lorenzo A. Cats Jacob Charlemagne Adolphe Josefovich Charlemagne Joseph Josefovich Codde, Attributed to Pieter Jacobs Cole George Conca Sebastiano Conca Tomasso Maria Cooper Thomas Sidney Cotes, R.A. Francis Cotman Frederick George Craesbeeck Joos van Crampton Sir John Cranach the Elder Lucas Creara Sante Crespi Giuseppe Maria Crome John Cuyp Benjamin Gerritsz David Giovanni Decker Cornelis Gerritsz. della Bella Stefano Dmitriev-Kavkazsky Lev Evgrafovich Dobuzhinsky Mstislav Valerianovich Droochsloot Joost Cornelisz Dubovskoy Nikolai Nikanorovich Dujardin Karel Duvieux Henri Ellis Tristram English School Everdingen Allaert van Faed R.S.A. John Feldmann Valentin Augustowitsch Ferg Franz de Paula Filippov Konstantin Nikolaevich Fischer Johann Georg Paul Florentine School Franken Paul von French School Frost George Albert Gabashvili Gigo Gabbiani Antonio Domenico Gedlek Ludwig Gerlach Otto Goeree Jan Gordon Sir Thomas Edward Gorschelt Fedor Federovich Goyen Jan van Gradovsky N. Grigoriev Boris Dmitrievich Grimaldi, il Bolognese Giovanni Francesco Grimmer Abel Groningen Jan Swart van Guardi Giacomo Guardi Gianantonio Hackaert Jan Hackert Jacob Philipp Harding James Duffield Harlamoff Alexei Alekseevich Havell William Heeremans Thomas Herring Jnr John Frederick Hilair Jean-Baptiste Hoet Gerard Ibbetson Julius Caesar Issupoff Alexei Vladimirovich Ivanov Ivan Andreevich Jankowsky Johann Wilhelm Kalf Willem Kapustin Grigorij Ivanovich Karazin Nikolai Nikolaevich Karlsonn Konstantin Kennington Eric Keuninck the Elder Kerstiaen de Key Adriaen Thomasz. Key Attributed to Adriaen Thomasz. Klodt von Jurgensburg Baron Mikhail Konstantinovich Koerner Ernest Karl Eugen Kolchin Petr Petrovich Kolesnikov Stepan Feodorovich Kollmann Karl Ivanovich Kondratenko Gavril Pavlovich Koninck Daniël de Kotov Nikolai Grigorievich Krachkovsky Josef Evstafievich Kravchenko Aleksey Ilyich Lagorio Lev Felixovich Lallemand Attributed to Jean-Baptiste Lancerey Yevgeny Alexandrovich Landseer Charles Langer Olaf Viggo Peter Lattry Mikhail Pelopidovich Le Prince Jean-Baptiste Lee Frederick Richard Lingelbach Johannes Loo Carle van Loutherbourg, R.A. Philipe-Jacques de Lovatti Count Matteo Ludoviki Pierre Alexandrovich Parisot, called Luti Benedetto Maes Nicolaes Maevsky Mechislav Silvesterovich Maggiotto Domenico Maistre Count Xavier de Mak Paul Makovsky Konstantin Egorovich Makovsky Vladimir Egorovich Maliavin Philip Andreyevich Malyshev Nikolai Tarasievich Man Cornelis de Martos Nikita Ivanovich Martynov Andrey Yefimovich Massys Jan Mathauser Josef McConnell William Michallon Achille Etna Mieris Willem van Molenaer II Jan Molijn Pieter de Mols Robert Charles Gustave Laurens Momper Philippe de Momper II Joos de Montferrand After Auguste Ricard De Moor Carel de Morandi Giovanni Maria Moucheron Frederik de Nash Frederick Neapolitan School Neeffs The Elder Pieter Neyn Pieter de Nikitin Ivan Nikitich North Italian School Opitz Georg Emmanuel Orizzonte Jan Frans van Bloemen, called Orlov J Orlovsky Alexander Osipovich Ovsyannikov Sergey Osipovich Palmieri Pietro Giacomo Pantoja de la Cruz Juan Parme Jean-Antoine Julien, called Julien de Patersson Benjamin Pavlikevitch J Pellegrini Giovanni Antonio Perez, von Baron Josef Berres Pierre Jean-Baptist-Marie Pillement Jean-Baptiste Piola Domenico Pocock Nicholas Poelenburch Cornelis van Poerson Charles Poplavsky Ludvig Ludvigovich Premazzi Luigi Ossipovich Preziosi Count Amadeo Prianishnikov Ivan Petrovich Repin Ilya Yefimovich Repton Humphrey Richards John Inigo Roepel Coenraet Rogier Camille Rombouts Salomon Romney George Roubaud Franz Alekseevich Russian School Ruysdael Salomon van Sabatelli Luigi Savitsky Georgy Konstantinovich Schmerling Oskar Schmidt Genrikh Genrikhovich Schongauer Follower of Martin School Mid-Sixteenth Century Anglo-Netherlandish School, c.1535 Flemish Schreyer Christian Adolf Schwarz Attributed to Christoph Schwarz Christoph Sellaer Vincent Shishkin Ivan Ivanovich Siberechts Jan Siemiradzki Henryk Simpson William Snyders Frans Snyders and Studio Frans Sokolov Pyotr Petrovich Solimena Francesco South Netherlandish School Spranger Bartholomäus Stanfield George Clarkson Stanfield RA Clarkson Stevaerts Palamedes Palamedesz., called Stevens Stone Frank Stoop Maerten Strechine Stephanie von Sustris Lambert Sverchkov Nicholai Egorovich Svetoslavsky Sergei Ivanovich Teniers II David Tiepolo Giovanni Battista Tintoretto Domenico Toorenvliet Jacob Traballesi Bartolommeo Trutovsky Konstantin Alexandrovich Turner, R.A. Joseph Mallord William Tweenhuysen II Helmich von Uden Lucas van Valckenborch Lucas van Valentin Emile Vanvitelli Circle of Gaspar van Wittel, called Varley John Vasilev Ivan Vasnetsov Apollinary Mikhailovich Velde Adriaen van de Velde Esaias van de Velde the Younger Willem van de Venetian School Verburgh Dionijs Vereschagin Petr Petrovich Verschuring Hendrik Verschuur Wouter Vickers Alfred Gomersal Victors Jan Vignali Jacopo Villiers de l'Isle Adam Emile Samoilovich Visotsky Konstantin Semeonovich Vladimirov Ivan Alekseevich Vlieger Simon Jacobsz de Voloshin Maksimilian Aleksandrovich Vorobiev Sokrat Maksimovich Vrancx Sebastian Ward James Watteau, called Watteau of Lille Louis-Joseph Webb James Weiss Joseph Andreas Wet I Jacob Willemsz. de Wheatley, R.A. Francis Wijnants Jan Wilson Alexander Wingfield James Digman Withoos Matthias Wouwerman Philips Wtewael Joachim Anthonisz. Wyck Thomas Yakovlev Aleksandr Evgen'evich Zeeman Reinier Nooms, called Zhukovsky Rudolf Kazimirovich Zommer Richard Karlovich Zucchi Attributed to Antonio
Adam Albrecht Aivazovsky Ivan Konstantinovich Aken Joseph van Aladar Padly Backer, Attributed to Jacob de Backhuysen Ludolph Balen I Hendrick van Barker of Bath Thomas Bassano Workshop of Jacopo Bassano II Francesco Baumgartner-Stoiloff Adolf (Constantin) Beer I. de Begeyn Abraham Jansz. Benois Albert Nikolayevich Benois Nikolai Leontjewitsch Berchem Nicholaes Berckheyde Gerrit Adriaensz. Blaas Julius von Bloemaert Abraham Blommaert Abraham Bogaert Hendrick Bogoliubov Alexei Petrovich Boilly Louis Léopold Boissieu Jean-Jacques de Boitmanis Ulrihs Bordone Paris Borisov Alexander Alekseevich Bossche Balthasar van den Bossoli Carlo Boudewijns Adraen Frans Bough Samuel Bray Jan de Brewer Henry Charles Bristow Edmund Broeck Elias van den Brueghel II Jan Bryullov Karl Pavlovich Burhardt Feodor Karlovich Carlone Giovanni Andrea Casanova Francesco Giuseppe Casteels Pauwels Castro Lorenzo A. Cats Jacob Charlemagne Adolphe Josefovich Charlemagne Joseph Josefovich Codde, Attributed to Pieter Jacobs Cole George Conca Sebastiano Conca Tomasso Maria Cooper Thomas Sidney Cotes, R.A. Francis Cotman Frederick George Craesbeeck Joos van Crampton Sir John Cranach the Elder Lucas Creara Sante Crespi Giuseppe Maria Crome John Cuyp Benjamin Gerritsz David Giovanni Decker Cornelis Gerritsz. della Bella Stefano Dmitriev-Kavkazsky Lev Evgrafovich Dobuzhinsky Mstislav Valerianovich Droochsloot Joost Cornelisz Dubovskoy Nikolai Nikanorovich Dujardin Karel Duvieux Henri Ellis Tristram English School Everdingen Allaert van Faed R.S.A. John Feldmann Valentin Augustowitsch Ferg Franz de Paula Filippov Konstantin Nikolaevich Fischer Johann Georg Paul Florentine School Franken Paul von French School Frost George Albert Gabashvili Gigo Gabbiani Antonio Domenico Gedlek Ludwig Gerlach Otto Goeree Jan Gordon Sir Thomas Edward Gorschelt Fedor Federovich Goyen Jan van Gradovsky N. Grigoriev Boris Dmitrievich Grimaldi, il Bolognese Giovanni Francesco Grimmer Abel Groningen Jan Swart van Guardi Giacomo Guardi Gianantonio Hackaert Jan Hackert Jacob Philipp Harding James Duffield Harlamoff Alexei Alekseevich Havell William Heeremans Thomas Herring Jnr John Frederick Hilair Jean-Baptiste Hoet Gerard Ibbetson Julius Caesar Issupoff Alexei Vladimirovich Ivanov Ivan Andreevich Jankowsky Johann Wilhelm Kalf Willem Kapustin Grigorij Ivanovich Karazin Nikolai Nikolaevich Karlsonn Konstantin Kennington Eric Keuninck the Elder Kerstiaen de Key Adriaen Thomasz. Key Attributed to Adriaen Thomasz. Klodt von Jurgensburg Baron Mikhail Konstantinovich Koerner Ernest Karl Eugen Kolchin Petr Petrovich Kolesnikov Stepan Feodorovich Kollmann Karl Ivanovich Kondratenko Gavril Pavlovich Koninck Daniël de Kotov Nikolai Grigorievich Krachkovsky Josef Evstafievich Kravchenko Aleksey Ilyich Lagorio Lev Felixovich Lallemand Attributed to Jean-Baptiste Lancerey Yevgeny Alexandrovich Landseer Charles Langer Olaf Viggo Peter Lattry Mikhail Pelopidovich Le Prince Jean-Baptiste Lee Frederick Richard Lingelbach Johannes Loo Carle van Loutherbourg, R.A. Philipe-Jacques de Lovatti Count Matteo Ludoviki Pierre Alexandrovich Parisot, called Luti Benedetto Maes Nicolaes Maevsky Mechislav Silvesterovich Maggiotto Domenico Maistre Count Xavier de Mak Paul Makovsky Konstantin Egorovich Makovsky Vladimir Egorovich Maliavin Philip Andreyevich Malyshev Nikolai Tarasievich Man Cornelis de Martos Nikita Ivanovich Martynov Andrey Yefimovich Massys Jan Mathauser Josef McConnell William Michallon Achille Etna Mieris Willem van Molenaer II Jan Molijn Pieter de Mols Robert Charles Gustave Laurens Momper Philippe de Momper II Joos de Montferrand After Auguste Ricard De Moor Carel de Morandi Giovanni Maria Moucheron Frederik de Nash Frederick Neapolitan School Neeffs The Elder Pieter Neyn Pieter de Nikitin Ivan Nikitich North Italian School Opitz Georg Emmanuel Orizzonte Jan Frans van Bloemen, called Orlov J Orlovsky Alexander Osipovich Ovsyannikov Sergey Osipovich Palmieri Pietro Giacomo Pantoja de la Cruz Juan Parme Jean-Antoine Julien, called Julien de Patersson Benjamin Pavlikevitch J Pellegrini Giovanni Antonio Perez, von Baron Josef Berres Pierre Jean-Baptist-Marie Pillement Jean-Baptiste Piola Domenico Pocock Nicholas Poelenburch Cornelis van Poerson Charles Poplavsky Ludvig Ludvigovich Premazzi Luigi Ossipovich Preziosi Count Amadeo Prianishnikov Ivan Petrovich Repin Ilya Yefimovich Repton Humphrey Richards John Inigo Roepel Coenraet Rogier Camille Rombouts Salomon Romney George Roubaud Franz Alekseevich Russian School Ruysdael Salomon van Sabatelli Luigi Savitsky Georgy Konstantinovich Schmerling Oskar Schmidt Genrikh Genrikhovich Schongauer Follower of Martin School Mid-Sixteenth Century Anglo-Netherlandish School, c.1535 Flemish Schreyer Christian Adolf Schwarz Attributed to Christoph Schwarz Christoph Sellaer Vincent Shishkin Ivan Ivanovich Siberechts Jan Siemiradzki Henryk Simpson William Snyders Frans Snyders and Studio Frans Sokolov Pyotr Petrovich Solimena Francesco South Netherlandish School Spranger Bartholomäus Stanfield George Clarkson Stanfield RA Clarkson Stevaerts Palamedes Palamedesz., called Stevens Stone Frank Stoop Maerten Strechine Stephanie von Sustris Lambert Sverchkov Nicholai Egorovich Svetoslavsky Sergei Ivanovich Teniers II David Tiepolo Giovanni Battista Tintoretto Domenico Toorenvliet Jacob Traballesi Bartolommeo Trutovsky Konstantin Alexandrovich Turner, R.A. Joseph Mallord William Tweenhuysen II Helmich von Uden Lucas van Valckenborch Lucas van Valentin Emile Vanvitelli Circle of Gaspar van Wittel, called Varley John Vasilev Ivan Vasnetsov Apollinary Mikhailovich Velde Adriaen van de Velde Esaias van de Velde the Younger Willem van de Venetian School Verburgh Dionijs Vereschagin Petr Petrovich Verschuring Hendrik Verschuur Wouter Vickers Alfred Gomersal Victors Jan Vignali Jacopo Villiers de l'Isle Adam Emile Samoilovich Visotsky Konstantin Semeonovich Vladimirov Ivan Alekseevich Vlieger Simon Jacobsz de Voloshin Maksimilian Aleksandrovich Vorobiev Sokrat Maksimovich Vrancx Sebastian Ward James Watteau, called Watteau of Lille Louis-Joseph Webb James Weiss Joseph Andreas Wet I Jacob Willemsz. de Wheatley, R.A. Francis Wijnants Jan Wilson Alexander Wingfield James Digman Withoos Matthias Wouwerman Philips Wtewael Joachim Anthonisz. Wyck Thomas Yakovlev Aleksandr Evgen'evich Zeeman Reinier Nooms, called Zhukovsky Rudolf Kazimirovich Zommer Richard Karlovich Zucchi Attributed to Antonio
B

enois Nikolai Leontjewitsch

(St. Petersburg 1813 - St. Petersburg 1898)

:) Biography

Hospice de St. Olga, St. Petersburg

:)

Hospice de St. Olga, St. Petersburg

Biography

Benois was born to French parents in Russia. From 1827 his first tutor at the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts was Ivan Gomzin (1784–1831), but in 1831 Kh. F. Meyer (1789–1848) replaced him. Under the latter’s guidance, Benois produced a design for a house of a rich landowner (1834) that was influenced both by the tradition of the Renaissance villa and by Count Aleksandr Stroganov’s Neo-classical dacha (1796; by Andrey Voronikhin) in St. Petersburg. Benois’s design for the College of Jurisprudence (1836) was awarded the Academy’s Great Gold Medal. This graduation project contained reminiscences of classicism, as did his project for a museum a year earlier (awarded the Great Silver Medal).

Benois began practice as an assistant to Konstantin Ton, an adherent of the Russo-Byzantine style, working as a draughtsman on the construction of the cathedral of Christ the Redeemer in Moscow (1832–80; destroyed 1930s). In 1840 he visited Germany, where he made drawings of Romanesque buildings in Speyer, Worms and Cologne. In Munich his most significant influence came from the Staatsbibliothek (1832–43) by Friedrich von Gärtner. In Italy, together with Aleksandr Krakau (1817–88) and Aleksandr Rezanov (1817–87), Benois took the measurements of Orvieto Cathedral (1842–6), a major task that influenced his later work.

In Italy, in 1845, he met Nicholas I (reigned 1825–55). A year later, back in Russia, the Emperor commissioned the young architect to design various objects of applied art, which he executed in rocaille style. His success with these pieces opened the way to commissions for a number of buildings at Peterhof: the Court (or Gothic) Stables (1847–54), his best-known building, for which he received the title of Academician; the Post Office Building (with his father-in-law Al’bert Kavos, 1850); the Novy Peterhof Railway Station (1854–8; commissioned by the owner of the line, Baron Stieglitz). In all these buildings Benois employed the ‘Gothic’ style, a term that in Russia at this time implied the use of prototypes, both English (the Tudor style in the stables, for example) and Italian (as in the motifs from Orvieto Cathedral in the station building). The artist’s work in this style forms as important a stage in the history of Russian architecture as Adam Menelas’s Cottage (1829), also at Peterhof.

As a master of eclecticism, Benois worked simultaneously in several styles. At the imperial residence at Peterhof he designed buildings for the maids of honour (1854); the architecture is intentionally close to the Baroque style of Bartolomeo Francesco Rastrelli’s Great Palace (1747–52). Along with the neo-Baroque works of Andrey Shtakenshneyder, they are among the most important examples of this style. Benois’s religious architecture passed through several phases: he produced variations on themes from Old Russian architecture, as in the church in the village of Vysokoye, Smolensk province (1868), in imitation of the 17th-century church at Ostankino, as well as designs in which the Russian style blends with the neo-Romanesque, as in the churches at Lisino and Tikhvin (both 1858; St Petersburg province), and ‘purely’ neo-Romanesque buildings such as the Catholic church of St Mary on the Vyborg Side in St Petersburg (1857; bell-tower 1877–8; now destroyed).

Benois also designed two important complexes: the imperial hunting palace with a school for apprentice foresters and the church, all at Lisino (1852–early 1860s), and one of the last examples of an estate ensemble, at Vysokoye, where in 1867–73 he erected a house, a stud farm, an aviary, a dairy, a greenhouse, a granary and the church, all in different styles, mainly Russian and Gothic Revival. Although in 1872 he was awarded the Great Gold Medal at the Polytechnical Exhibition in Moscow for his designs and drawings, Benois actually built very little: to those buildings already listed can be added a theatre (1864–7; rebuilt 1936) in Helsinki. During the last years of his life Benois worked mainly for city institutions: from 1868 he was a councillor at the city duma, while from April 1873 until his death he was head of the city authority’s building department, and he was president of the St Petersburg Society of Architects (1890–93).

By his marriage to Camilla Cavos, daughter of the architect who designed Mariinsky Theatre, Nicholas had three sons. Of these, Alexander Benois specialised in stage design, Albert Benois was a painter, and Leon Benois became a distinguished architect.